%T Stasiland
%A Anna Funder
%D 2003
%I Granta Books
%G ISBN 9781783787340

%T Global digital population as of January 2021
%A Joseph Johnson
%D 2021
%J Statista
%O https://www.statista.com/statistics/617136/digital-population-worldwide/"

%T Americans’ Internet Access: 2000-2015
%A Andrew Perrin 
%A Maeve Duggan
%J Pew Research Center
%D 2015
%O https://www.pewresearch.org/internet/2015/06/26/americans-internet-access-2000-2015

%A van Mill, David
%T Freedom of Speech
%J The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
%E Edward N. Zalta
%O https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/spr2021/entries/freedom-speech/
%D 2021
%C Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University

%T Why Twitter’s Mission Statement Matters
%A Justin Fox
%D 2014
%J Harvard Business Review
%O https://hbr.org/2014/11/why-twitters-mission-statement-matters

%T The great firewall of China: Xi Jinping’s internet shutdown
%A Elizabeth C. Economy
%D 2018
%J The Guardian
%O https://www.theguardian.com/news/2018/jun/29/the-great-firewall-of-china-xi-jinpings-internet-shutdown .

%T  Facebook’s push for end-to-end encryption is good news for user privacy, as well as terrorists and paedophiles
%J The Conversation
%A Roberto Musotto
%A David S. Wall 
%D December 2019
%O https://theconversation.com/facebooks-push-for-end-to-end-encryption-is-good-news-for-user-privacy-as-well-as-terrorists-and-paedophiles-128782 (Accessed 22 January 2022)

%T How Terrorists Use Encryption
%V Volume 9, Issue 6
%A Robert Graham
%D June 2016
%J CTC Sentinel 
%O https://ctc.usma.edu/how-terrorists-use-encryption/ (Accessed 22 January 2022)

%T The 9/11 Commission Report: Final Report of the National Commission on Terrorist Attacks Upon the United States (9/11 Report)
%A National^Commission^on^Terrorist^Attacks^Upon^the^United^States 
%D July 2004

%A Daniel Byman
%D 2014
%T The Intelligence War on Terrorism 
%J Intelligence and National Security
%V 29:6 
%P 837-863 
%G DOI: 10.1080/02684527.2013.851876

%T International statement: End-to-end encryption and public safety
%A Home^Office
%D Oct 2020
%O https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/international-statement-end-to-end-encryption-and-public-safety
(Accessed 29 January 2021)

%T Between Myth and Reality: The Stasi Legacy in German History
%A Konrad Jarausch
%D 2014
%J Bulletin of the German Historical Institute
%C German Historical Institute Washington DC
%O https://www.ghi-dc.org/publication/stasi-at-home-and-abroad-domestic-order-and-foreign-intelligence .

%T Participatory Repression? Reflections on Popular Involvement with the Stasi
%A Gary Bruce
%D 2014
%J Bulletin of the German Historical Institute
%C German Historical Institute Washington DC
%O https://www.ghi-dc.org/publication/stasi-at-home-and-abroad-domestic-order-and-foreign-intelligence .

%T N.S.A. Able to Foil Basic Safeguards of Privacy on Web
%J The New York Times
%A Nicole Perlroth
%A Jeff Larson 
%A Scott Shane
%D Sep 2013
%O https://www.nytimes.com/2013/09/06/us/nsa-foils-much-internet-encryption.html
(Accessed 3rd February 2022)

%T Photos of an NSA “upgrade” factory show Cisco router getting implant
%A Sean Gallagher
%J Ars Technica
%D May 2014
%O https://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/2014/05/photos-of-an-nsa-upgrade-factory-show-cisco-router-getting-implant/
(Accessed 3rd February 2022)

%T Revealed: The NSA's Secret Campaign to Crack, Undermine Internet Security
%J Pro Publica
%A Jeff Larson
%D Sep 2013
%O https://www.propublica.org/article/the-nsas-secret-campaign-to-crack-undermine-internet-encryption
(Accessed 3rd February 2022)

%T U.S. Confirms That It Gathers Online Data Overseas
%A Charlie Savage
%A Edward Wyatt 
%A Peter Baker
%D June 2013
%J The New York Times
%O Accessed online on 17th February 2022

%T NSA collecting phone records of millions of Verizon customers daily
%A Glenn Greenwald
%D June 2013
%J The Guardian
%O Accessed online on 17th February 2022

%T Anger swells after NSA phone records court order revelations
%J The Guardian
%D June 2013
%A Dan Roberts
%A Spencer Ackerman
%O Accessed online on 17th February 2022

-- lawmaking

%T US House passes bill to boost chip manufacturing and R&D
%J The Register
%D Feb 2022
%A Agam Shah
%O Accessed online on 6th February 2022

%A H.R.3773 
%T 110th Congress (2007-2008): FISA Amendments Act of 2008
%D (2008)

-- Intel management engine

%T Intel's Management Engine is a security hazard, and users need a way to disable it
%A Erica Portnoy 
%A Peter Eckersley
%D May 2017
%J Electronic Frontier Foundation
%O https://www.eff.org/deeplinks/2017/05/intels-management-engine-security-hazard-and-users-need-way-disable-it (Accessed 22 January 2022)

%T Intel ME controller chip has secret kill switch
%J The Register 
%A Thomas Claburn
%D Aug 2017
%O Accessed online on 6th February 2022

%T Researchers Find a Way to Disable Much-Hated Intel ME Component Courtesy of the NSA
%A Catalin Cimpanu
%J BleepingComputer
%D Aug 2017
%O https://www.bleepingcomputer.com/news/hardware/researchers-find-a-way-to-disable-much-hated-intel-me-component-courtesy-of-the-nsa/
(Accessed 6th February 2022)

-- Spectre, meltdown

%T Researchers Discover Two Major Flaws in the World’s Computers
%J The New York Times
%D Jan 2018
%A Cade Metz 
%A Nicole Perlroth
%O https://www.nytimes.com/2018/01/03/business/computer-flaws.html
(Accessed 7th February 2022)

%T One-time Pad
%A Dirk Rijmenants
%D n.d.
%O https://www.ciphermachinesandcryptology.com/en/onetimepad.htm
(Accessed 26th February 2022)

-- quantum

%T Report on Post-Quantum Cryptography 
%A Lily Chen 
%A Stephen Jordan 
%A Yi-Kai Liu 
%A Dustin Moody 
%A Rene Peralta 
%A Ray Perlner 
%A Daniel Smith-Tone 
%J National Institute of Standards and Technology 
%D April 2016
%O https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/ir/2016/nist.ir.8105.pdf .

%T Quantum information research in China
%A Qiang Zhang
%A Feihu Xu
%A Li Li
%A Nai-Le Liu
%A Jian-Wei Pan
%D Nov 2019
%J Quantum Science and Technology
%V 4 040503 
%O https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/2058-9565/ab4bea/ .

%T Physicists in China challenge Google’s ‘quantum advantage’
%A Philip Ball 
%D Dec 2020
%J Nature
%O https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-03434-7
(Accessed 13th January 2022)

%T Hello quantum world! Google publishes landmark quantum supremacy claim
%A Elizabeth Gibney 
%D Oct 2019
%J Nature
%O https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-019-03213-z
(Accessed 13th January 2022)

%T Quantum computational advantage using photons
%A Han-Sen Zhong^et^al
%D 2020
%O DOI: 10.1126/science.abe8770

%T Google Claims To Achieve Quantum Supremacy — IBM Pushes Back
%J NPR
%D Oct 2019
%A Paolo Zialcita
%O https://www.npr.org/2019/10/23/772710977/google-claims-to-achieve-quantum-supremacy-ibm-pushes-back .

%T Status Report on the Second Round of the NIST Post-Quantum Cryptography Standardization Process
%D July 2020
%J National Institute of Standards and Technology 
%R NISTIR 8309
%O DOI: 10.6028/NIST.IR.8309
%A Gorjan Alagic
%A Jacob Alperin-Sheriff
%A Daniel Apon
%A David Cooper
%A Quynh Dang
%A John Kelsey
%A Yi-Kai Liu
%A Carl Miller
%A Dustin Moody
%A Rene Peralta
%A Ray Perlner
%A Angela Robinson
%A Daniel Smith-Tone

%J European Journal of Privacy Law & Technologies  
%D 2021  
%N 1
%T Post-quantum encryption and privacy regulation: Can the law keep pace with technology? 
%A Luigi Bruno  
%A Isabella Spano
%O https://universitypress.unisob.na.it/ojs/index.php/ejplt/article/view/1225 .


%T The Hidden Truth Anonymity in Cyberspace: Deep Web
%D 2018
%A Saksham Gulati
%A Shilpi Sharma 
%A Garima Agarwal
%J Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing
%V 673
%P 719–730
%O DOI: 10.1007/978-981-10-7245-1_70

%T China Cracks Down on Tor Anonymity Network
%A David Talbot
%D Oct 2009
%J MIT Technology Review

%T How China Is Blocking Tor
%A Philipp Winter
%A Stefan Lindskog
%J Karlstad University
%G arXiv:1204.0447 [cs.CR]
%D Apr 2012

%A Chen Chen^et^al
%T Xuantie-910: A Commercial Multi-Core 12-Stage Pipeline Out-of-Order 64-bit High Performance RISC-V Processor with Vector Extension
%D 2020
%J ACM/IEEE 47th Annual International Symposium on Computer Architecture (ISCA)
%O DOI: 10.1109/isca45697.2020.00016 

%T Instruction Sets Should Be Free: The Case For RISC-V
%A Krste Asanović
%A David A. Patterson
%J Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
%C University of California at Berkeley
%R UCB/EECS-2014-146
%D Aug 2014


%T Exclusive: Secret contract tied NSA and security industry pioneer
%A Joseph Menn
%J Reuters
%D Dec 2013
%O https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-security-rsa-idUSBRE9BJ1C220131220
(Accessed 5 March 2022)

%T RSA issues non-denying denial of NSA deal to favor flawed crypto code
%J Ars Technica
%A Dan Goodin 
%D Dec 2013 
%O https://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2013/12/rsa-issues-non-denying-denial-of-nsa-deal-to-favor-flawed-crypto-code/
(Accessed 5 March 2022)

%T Government Announces Steps to Restore Confidence on Encryption Standards
%A Nicole Perlroth
%D September 2013 
%J The New York Times
%O https://bits.blogs.nytimes.com/2013/09/10/government-announces-steps-to-restore-confidence-on-encryption-standards/
(Accessed 5 March 2022)

%A Paul Kocher
%A Jann Horn
%A Anders Fogh
%A Daniel Genkin
%A Daniel Gruss
%A Werner Haas
%A Mike Hamburg
%A Moritz Lipp
%A Stefan Mangard
%A Thomas Prescher
%A Michael Schwarz
%A Yuval Yarom
%T Spectre Attacks: Exploiting Speculative Execution
%D 2019
%O DOI: 10.1109/SP.2019.00002

%T GCHQ taps fibre-optic cables for secret access to world's communications
%J The Guardian
%D June 2013
%A Ewen MacAskill
%A Julian Borger
%A Nick Hopkins
%A Nick Davies
%A James Ball
%O Accessed online on 2 April 2022

%T The Cold War Broadcast That Gave East German Dissidents A Voice
%J NPR
%D November 2014
%A Esme Nicholson
%O Accessed online on 2 April 2022

%A The^Federal^Archives
%T About the Stasi Records Archive 
%D n.d.
%O https://www.stasi-unterlagen-archiv.de/en/archives/about-the-archives/ Accessed 2 April 2022

%D n.d.
%O https://eur-lex.europa.eu/procedure/EN/201286 Accessed 25 March 2022
%A EUR-Lex
%T Procedure 2012/0011/COD

%O https://hbr.org/2018/04/gdpr-and-the-end-of-the-internets-grand-bargain Accessed 25 March 2022
%T GDPR and the End of the Internet’s Grand Bargain
%D April 2018
%A Larry Downes
%J Harvard Business Review